EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANT BACTERIA IN ABATTOIR WORKERS AND LIVESTOCK IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among bacteria originating from food-producing animals and occupationally exposed workers represents an increasing public health concern because resistant organisms can move between animals, humans, and the environment. This study investigated the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistant bacteria among abattoir workers and livestock in Kano State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design was conducted among selected abattoir workers and livestock in major slaughter facilities across the state. Samples including human hand swabs, nasal swabs, animal carcass swabs, and environmental samples were collected and analysed using standard microbiological procedures. Bacterial isolates were identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The study recovered multidrug-resistant bacterial isolates from both abattoir workers and livestock samples, with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella species among the predominant organisms identified. High resistance levels were observed against commonly used antibiotics, including tetracyclines, penicillins, and sulphonamides. The presence of resistant bacteria among workers and animals indicates possible occupational and food-chain transmission pathways. The study recommends improved antimicrobial stewardship, routine AMR surveillance in livestock production systems, and stronger hygiene practices within abattoirs to reduce the spread of resistant organisms.